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The Journal of Nutrition reference format is consistent with the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommended format for bibliographic citations with the following exception: references should include the names of all authors, unless there are more than ten, in which case list the first nine plus "et al."

Citations should be numbered as they appear in the text. There is no limit on the number of citations allowed; recent literature should be comprehensively cited. The list of references must begin on a new page and should include the heading "Literature Cited." Abbreviate journal names according to the National Library of Medicine (NLM) journal abbreviations list . References should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. References should be formatted according to the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommended format for bibliographic citations with the following exception: references should include the names of all authors, unless there are more than ten, in which case list the first nine plus "et al." (See ICMJE Sample References)
The ICMJE states, “as an option, if a journal carries continuous pagination throughout a volume (as many medical journals do) the month and issue number may be omitted.” The Journal of Nutrition follows this optional style. If you are using software such as EndNote or Reference Manager that insert this additional material, it will be automatically deleted during production of accepted manuscripts.

References cited for the first time in tables or figure legends should be numbered in order, based on the placement of the table or figure in text. Identify references in text, tables, and legends for illustrations by arabic numbers in parentheses. See current print issues of The Journal of Nutrition for style. Only published papers and papers "in press" may be included in the Literature Cited section. "In press" articles, i.e., accepted articles not yet published, must be submitted as supplemental files in PDF format at the time of article submission. Personal communications, manuscripts in preparation, submitted manuscripts and unpublished data cannot be included in the Literature Cited section but should appear parenthetically in the text. Personal communications must be written and the affiliation of the person providing the communication indicated in the text. Articles accepted for publication but not published when final revisions are completed on the current article may be cited as "in press."