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Nutritional Immunology

Long-Term Feeding of the cis-9,trans-11 Isomer of Conjugated Linoleic Acid Reinforces the Specific Immune Response in Rats^1,2

³ Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain E-08028 ⁴ CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Barcelona, Spain, E-08003 ⁵ Ordesa Group, Research Department, Scientific Park of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain E-08028

Several effects on the immune system have been ascribed to the cis9,trans11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer. We studied whether feeding a diet enriched with an 80:20 CLA isomer mix of cis9,trans11 and trans10,cis12 CLA from gestation to adulthood affects the capacity of adult rats to achieve a specific immune response. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed a 1% CLA diet or a control diet beginning on d 7 of gestation. Weaned pups received the same diet as dams until they were 15 wk old. Rats from both groups were immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) when they were 9 wk old. Dietary CLA enhanced splenocyte OVA-specific proliferation by 50% (P < 0.05) and decreased the mitogen-induced proliferative responses of these cells by 10–20% (P < 0.05). The diminished splenocyte proliferative response was accompanied by a lower interleukin-2 secretion (P < 0.05). Long-term CLA supplementation did not increase serum, spleen, or mesenteric lymph node production of OVA-specific antibodies (Ab) or the number of spleen anti-OVA Ab-secreting cells. Interestingly, dietary CLA increased intestinal anti-OVA IgA production by 75% (P < 0.05). In conclusion, a 1% CLA diet administered from gestation to adulthood enhanced specific systemic cell-mediated immunity as well as the mucosal IgA immune response, whereas it downregulated the polyclonal activation of the immune system. These data support the long-term effects of dietary cis9,trans11 CLA isomer on the immune system.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: franciscoperez{at}ub.edu.

Manuscript received 1 August 2008. Initial review completed 3 September 2008. Revision accepted 22 October 2008.