QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text (Publish Ahead of Print[PDF]) Online Supplemental Material All Versions of this Article: 139/4/734    most recent jn.108.096784v1 Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by McNaughton, S. A. Articles by Crawford, D. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by McNaughton, S. A. Articles by Crawford, D.

---

Nutritional Epidemiology

Dietary Quality Is Associated with Diabetes and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors^1,2,3

⁴ School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, 3125, Australia ⁵ Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Caulfield, Victoria, Australia 3162

In this study, our aim was to investigate the associations between diet quality and newly diagnosed diabetes, prediabetes, and cardio-metabolic risk factors. The analysis was based on 7441 participants of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study, a cross-sectional study of adults aged 25 y involving a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. Diet quality was assessed via a dietary guideline index and FFQ data. Associations between diet quality and diabetes, prediabetes (impaired fasting glycemia, impaired glucose tolerance), and cardiovascular risk factors were investigated using linear and logistic regression adjusted for age, education, smoking, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and BMI. Higher diet quality was significantly associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure among men, lower fasting plasma glucose among men and women, and lower systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma insulin, and 2-h plasma glucose and greater insulin sensitivity among women. Diet quality was inversely associated with abdominal obesity [odds ratio (OR) for top quartile: 0.68, 0.48–0.96], hypertension (OR: 0.50, 0.31–0.81), and type 2 diabetes (OR: 0.38, 0.18–0.80) among men. Lack of compliance with established dietary guidelines was associated with type 2 diabetes and cardio-metabolic risk factors. Further work is required to determine whether this dietary index has predictive validity for health in longitudinal studies.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: sarah.mcnaughton{at}deakin.edu.au.

Manuscript received 24 July 2008. Initial review completed 21 August 2008. Revision accepted 12 January 2009.