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Rat Liver Glycogen-lowering Activity of Fed Creatine — A Retraction^{1, 2,}

University of Oregon Medical School, Department of Biochemistry, Portland, Oregon 97201

Earlier studies led us to report that feeding rats a semipurified diet containing 1% creatine for 20 hours brought about a marked decrease in liver glycogen (from 4% to 1% wet weight). The Practical Grade creatine (Eastman No. P951, Lot 12) was found to contain a readily separable impurity, 1,1-dimethylbiguanide which was responsible for this action and highly active at a level of 0.02% of the diet. Authentic samples of the biguanide as well as a number of other guanidine derivatives were found to possess this physiological action when fed at a level of 0.01% of the ration. The purified creatine (three recrystallizations) and other creatine samples had no such effect when fed under the same conditions. Dimethylbiguanide injected intraperitoneally caused a precipitous drop in liver glycogen in the following 4 hours. From these data and the reports of other workers it is concluded that the results are due to drug inhibition of gluconeogenesis.

² Presented in part at the Northwest Regional Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Salt Lake City, June 12–13, 1969, 24th Annual Northwest Meeting, Abstract no. 57.

Manuscript received 11 August 1969.