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Effect of Restricted Energy and Protein Intake on Atherosclerosis and Associated Physiological Factors in Cockerels^1,2,

Department of Poultry Science, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, Iowa

Practical or semipurified diets, with and without added cholesterol, were fed to growing cockerels to determine the effect of dietary energy or protein restriction on systolic blood pressure, total serum cholesterol, total serum lipids, liver lipids and incidence of atherosclerosis in thoracic and abdominal aortas. The effect of dietary protein or energy restriction on systolic blood pressure was inconsistent. Variations in blood pressure appeared to be associated more with body weight than with restriction of protein or energy as such. Serum cholesterol, serum lipids and liver lipids were markedly increased when cockerels were fed diets containing cholesterol. Each was increased by protein restriction and decreased by energy restriction. Without added dietary cholesterol, serum cholesterol was not significantly affected by protein or energy restriction. Serum lipids were significantly increased, and liver lipids were slightly increased, when birds were fed protein-restricted diets without added cholesterol. Atherosclerosis was more prevalent when the diets contained cholesterol, and more severe in the abdominal than in the thoracic aorta, regardless of dietary treatment. Protein or energy restriction affected atherosclerosis, especially in the thoracic aorta, most when the diets contained cholesterol. Incidence of atherosclerosis in the thoracic aorta was reduced in energy-restricted, and increased in protein-restricted birds.

² This paper is based on a dissertation presented by the senior author as partial fulfillment of requirements for the Ph.D. degree to the Graduate College of Iowa State University of Science and Technology. Presented in part at the annual meeting of the Poultry Science Association, Logan, Utah, 1966. Supported in part by National Institutes of Health Grant no. 08307.

³ Present address: Department of Animal Science, Poultry Research Center, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota.

Manuscript received 28 February 1969.