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In vivo and in vitro Studies of Gluconeogenesis in Meal-fed and Nibbling Rats¹

Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois

The influence of periodicity of eating on the gluconeogenic capacity of the albino rat was studied. The ability of meal-fed (access to food limited to a single 2-hour period) and nibbling (fed ad libitum) rats to convert glycerol, pyruvate and glutamate to glucose and glycogen was studied in animals deprived of food for 22 hours. The gluconeogenic capacity of the meal-fed rat was somewhat less than that of nibbling rats. This conclusion was also supported by in vitro studies in which the rate of glucose formation from these substrates (glycerol, pyruvate and glutamate) by kidney cortex slices from meal-fed and nibbling rats was determined. Studies in vivo demonstrated that the conversion of pyruvate-2-¹⁴C to glucose was about 24% lower in the fasted meal-eating rat as compared with the nibbling rat. The depression of gluconeogenesis by meal ingestion was greater in the meal-fed rat. These data are interpreted to suggest that the meal-fed rat develops the capacity to change from a gluconeogenic to a glycolytic metabolism more effectively than does the nibbling animal.

Manuscript received 27 May 1968.