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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 96 No. 2 October 1968, pp. 263-268
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Chemical Composition of Kidneys from Choline-supplemented and Choline-deficient Weanling Rats1

Paul F. Parks and Robert C. Smith

Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama

A study was undertaken to determine whether the increased renal weight in choline-deficient, weanling rats is related to some specific change in the chemical composition of the kidneys. The kidneys of male weanling rats fed a choline-supplemented or a choline-deficient diet for 7 days were analyzed for moisture, total lipid, neutral lipid, phospholipid, triglyceride, cholesterol, cholesterol esters, ash, protein, RNA, and DNA. The nonlipid composition of the renal tissue from the two groups was similar. The total lipid concentrations were also similar being slightly decreased in the deficient rats. There was a drastic decrease in phospholipid concentration of the lipid from the choline-deficient kidneys and a corresponding increase in the neutral lipid. The choline, ethanolamine and phosphorus contents of the phospholipid from the two groups were similar. The moisture-free kidney tissue from a deficient rat was approximately 100 mg heavier than that from a control rat. This increase in weight was caused by an increase in total lipid, 5 mg; ash, 5 mg; protein, 82 mg; RNA, 2 mg; and DNA, 1 mg. These results suggest that the increased weight is due in part to increased cellular proliferation of the deficient kidneys. Although the kidneys of the deficient rats apparently contain increased cell numbers and possibly enlarged cells, the total phospholipid content in those kidneys was essentially the same as the controls. The increased lipid is due to an increase in triglyceride, cholesterol and cholesterol esters. The fatty acids of the triglycerides and cholesterol esters from the choline-deficient rats contained considerably more C20:4 fatty acid.

1 Supported by Public Health Service Research Grant no. HE-02615 from the National Heart Institute.

Manuscript received 6 April 1968.




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