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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 94 No. 2 February 1968, pp. 171-177
Copyright © 1968 by American Society for Nutrition
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Acute Physiological Effects of Feeding Rats Non-urea-adducting Fatty Acids (Urea-Filtrate)1

Glen M. Shue, Carl D. Douglass2, David Firestone, Leo Friedman3, Leonard Friedman and Jacob S. Sage

Bureau of Science, Food and Drug Administration, Washington, D. C.

Experiments were conducted to further describe the biological response to toxic components of severely heated fats. Much of the toxicity of severely heated food oils has been associated with a non-urea-adducting fatty acid (urea filtrate) fraction. Feeding this fraction on two consecutive days to weanling rats caused inanition, fatty liver, a decline in body temperature and death within 2 to 7 days. In this study the LD50 of the fraction, administered orally, was approximately 0.6 ml/100 g/day for 2 days for rats weighing 40 to 50 g; from 60 to 100 g the LD50 was approximately 0.9 ml/100 g/day for 2 days. Water consumption had little or no effect upon survival or level of liver fat, whereas forced feeding of non-lipid food elements decreased mortality and prevented the increase of liver lipid. A four- to fivefold elevation in neutral fat accounted for the increased liver fat. No unidentified fatty acids of the urea filtrate were detectable in the liver. The urea filtrate caused a 30% reduction in the conversion of palmitic-1-14C acid to 14CO2 in the young rats during a 5.5-hour test period, whereas the oxidation of D-glucose-14C (uniformly labeled) to 14CO2 was not affected. These results indicate that one or more of these non-urea-adducting fatty acids appreciably impaired the oxidation of fatty acids in young rats.

1 Part of the data was presented at a meeting of the American Institute of Nutrition at Chicago, 1961.

2 Present address: National Library of Medicine, U. S. Public Health Service, Bethesda, Maryland.

3 Present address: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Manuscript received 5 July 1967.




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