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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 89 No. 1 May 1966, pp. 113-122
Copyright © 1966 by American Society for Nutrition
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Skin Lipids of Puppies as Affected by Kind and Amount of Dietary Fat1

Hilda F. Wiese, William Yamanaka, Edmund Coon and Shirley Barber

Bruce Lyon Memorial Research Laboratory, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Oakland, California

Clinical evidence of a dietary requirement for linoleic acid in matintenance of a healthy skin prompted a study of fatty acid distributions in skin of 84 young dogs fed diets with and without linoleic acid. When weanling puppies were fed diets deficient in linoleic acid for 2 months, monoene fatty acids in whole skin greatly exceeded levels for saturated fatty acids. Linoleic and arachidonic acid levels were lower than for newborn puppies. Levels of these fatty acids decreased further in skin and serum after 4 months when definite deficiency signs were evident, but levels remained approximately the same during longer feeding periods. Small amounts of linoleic acid were always present in skin and serum. Step-by-step increases in dietary linoleate were reflected in increased levels of this fatty acid in triglycerides, cholesterol esters, and phospholipids in skin and serum. During linoleic acid-deficient states, 5,8,11-eicosatrienoic acid was always present in serum, but it was observed infrequently in skin and only in the phospholipid fraction. In deficient states arachidonic acid was present in most serum silicic acid fractions but appeared infrequently in small amounts only in skin phospholipids. When ethyl arachidonate was fed for 2 months after weaning, it was observed in skin and serum, but during recovery from the linoleic deficient state, it was not noted in skin after a 2-month feeding period. Phospholipids make up a small fraction of skin lipids, but changes in their fatty acid patterns appear to reflect alterations which occur in epidermal cells during a dietary deficiency of linoleic acid.

1 This work was supported in part by Public Health Service Research Grant no. AM-04309 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases and was inaugurated under the direction of Dr. Arild E. Hansen (deceased).

Manuscript received 20 December 1965.




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