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Mineralization of a Cereal Diet as It Affects Cariogenicity^1,2,

Department of Foods and Nutrition, College of Home Economics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania

This investigation concerns the effect of certain mineral alterations of a raw whole wheat diet on its cariogenicity for white rats. The alterations were: replacement of dietary CaHPO₄ by equivalent Na₂HPO₄ with and without 1% NaCl supplementation, the withdrawal of the dietary supplementation of phosphorus, addition of NaCl to cariogenic diets with and without CaHPO₄ supplementation. Littermate Sprague-Dawley strain rats were fed at weaning each set of comparative diets and maintained with them for 60 days. The caries produced were the smooth-surface type. Replacing CaHPO₄ by Na₂HPO₄ decreased cariogenicity of the diet, and NaCl supplementation was also cariostatic in the presence of dietary CaHPO₄. Removal of CaHPO₄ from the diet did not alter its cariogenicity. Supplementation by NaCl was cariostatic in the 2 diets formulated with and without CaHPO₄. The sodium content of the persistently cariogenic diets was approximately one-fifth that recommended as needed for growth of weanling rats. It is suggested that inadequate sodium is related to the cariogenicity of the high cereal reference diets.

² This investigation was supported in part by Public Health Service Research Grant no. DE00437, from the National Institute of Dental Health.

Manuscript received 5 June 1964.