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Toxicity of Saturated Fat^1,2,

Nutrition Section, Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State of the University of North Carolina at Raleigh, North Carolina

When diets containing high levels (20 to 40%) of either palmitate or stearate are fed to weanling mice, poor growth and high mortality result. Adult mice are similarly affected, although less severely. The addition to the diet of 4% of fats rich in either oleate or linoleate prevents the toxicity, whereas linolenic, palmitoleic and petroselinic acids are much less effective. The toxicity is increased slightly by the addition of cholesterol and very markedly when lactose constitutes the principal dietary carbohydrate. Depot fat levels of the dietary saturated fatty acid increase only slightly, particularly when compared with the changes observed when unsaturated fatty acids are fed. Digestibility studies preclude ascribing these effects to poor assimilation of the dietary fat.

² Supported in part by Public Health Service Research Grant no. AM 02483 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases.

Manuscript received 13 June 1964.