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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 83 No. 3 July 1964, pp. 273-288
Copyright © 1964 by American Society for Nutrition
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Effect of Dietary Carbohydrate on Glucokinase and Mannokinase Activities of Various Rat Tissues1

S. Abraham, B. Borrebaek and I. L. Chaikoff

Department of Physiology, University of California, Berkeley, California

Glucokinase activities were determined in 9 rat tissues — liver, brain, muscle, kidney, small intestine, heart, spleen, adipose tissue and mammary gland. Significant amounts of glucokinase activity were particle-bound in brain (40 to 55%), in heart (50 to 60%) and in mammary gland (40%). In the other tissues, almost all of the activity appeared in the particle-free supernatant fraction. Except for a minor response by small intestine, liver was the only tissue in which glucokinase activity responded significantly to nutritional treatment of the rat. Evidence for the existence of 2 distinct enzymes capable of phosphorylating glucose was obtained from a study of the Km (glucose) values for the enzymes in the particle-free supernatant fraction of rat liver. The hepatic enzyme with a high Km value for glucose was shown to adapt to dietary treatment, whereas the hepatic glucokinase with a low Km for glucose was non-adaptable. Mannokinase activities were determined in brain, liver and mammary gland. The rates at which brain, liver and mammary gland phosphorylated mannose were 33, 27 and 26%, respectively, of those observed for glucose.

1 This work was supported by a contract from the United States Atomic Energy Commission.

Manuscript received 8 February 1964.


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