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Interrelations among Magnesium, Vitamin B₆, Sulfur and Phosphorus in the Formation of Kidney Stones in the Rat¹

Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts

Dietary levels of magnesium, sulfur and phosphorus have been shown to affect markedly the excretion of a variety of urinary constituents and to influence the deposition of renal calcium oxalate in vitamin B₆-deficient rats. Diets high in magnesium or low in sulfur-protected rats against stone formation. The protective effect of high magnesium diets was interfered with when the diets were also low in phosphorus even though there was a decrease in the hyperoxaluria associated with vitamin B₆ deficiency. Apatite nephrocalcinosis was observed in rats receiving high phosphorus diets containing vitamin B₆ and 0.04% of magnesium. In vitamin B₆-deficient rats receiving diets high in phosphorus and containing 0.4% magnesium, renal calculi composed of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate were formed.

Manuscript received 4 April 1963.