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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 79 No. 2 February 1963, pp. 179-187
Copyright © 1963 by American Society for Nutrition
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Biochemical and Morphological Observations on Choline-deficient Rats.1 Effects of Various Levels of Beef Fat and Cholesterol, and of Injections of Sulfamerazine and Parathyroid Hormone

Paul M. Newberne2 and W. D. Salmon

Department of Animal Science, Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama

The effects of choline deficiency in young rats fed diets containing various levels of beef fat with or without added cholesterol for 7 to 8 days were studied. Liver lipid levels always decreased and plasma lipid levels generally increased following choline supplementation. Serum-protein levels increased with choline supplementation.

Injury to the kidney, coronary vessels, myocardium and aorta were produced by this short period of choline deprivation; the injury and the level of choline required for protection were increased by the substitution of 5% of cholesterol for 5% of fat in the diet.

Injections of sodium sulfamerazine over a period of 7 weeks resulted in kidney damage and hyperplasia of the parathyroids but in no appreciable cardiovascular injury. Injections of a total of 4,000 IU of parathyroid hormone/rat over a period of 8 weeks induced minimal damage to the coronary vessels and myocardium. Injections of a total of 1,200 IU/rat over a period of 4 weeks produced no detectable damage. All rats receiving injections were fed diets containing adequate choline.

1 This study was supported in part by PHS research grant H-2615 from the National Heart Institute, Public Health Service, and a grant from the National Live Stock and Meat Board. Donations of vitamins were made by Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories.

2 Present address: Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Manuscript received 4 September 1962.




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