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Effect of Feeding Fat Blends of Hydrogenated Groundnut (Peanut) Fat and Cottonseed Oil Containing Different Levels of Linoleic Acid on Serum Cholesterol Levels in Monkeys (Macaca radiata) and Liver Cholesterol Concentration in Cholesterol-Fed Rats

Nutrition Research Laboratories, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad-7, India

Unhydrogenated cottonseed oil blended with hydrogenated groundnut fat so as to provide linoleic acid levels of zero, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% in the blend, was included in the diet of adult male monkeys at a 30% level, supplying 50% of total calories. Serum cholesterol levels were determined after the animals had received the diet for 4, 7 and 10 weeks. The fat blends were included at a 20% level in the diet of young growing male rats along with 1% of cholesterol. Liver cholesterol and total lipids were determined at the end of 8 weeks.

The results showed that the hypercholesterolemia normally associated with a high consumption of hydrogenated groundnut fat in monkeys, could be prevented by incorporating into the fat cottonseed oil providing linoleic acid at a level of 7.5%.

The concentration of liver cholesterol in cholesterol-fed rats maintained with the fat blend containing 7.5% of linoleic acid, was significantly lower than in those that were maintained with the blends having lower levels of linoleic acid.