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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 74 No. 4 August 1961, pp. 352-356
Copyright © 1961 by American Society for Nutrition
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Gingivitis-Ascorbic Acid Deficiency in the Navajo

I. Ascorbic Acid in White Cell-Platelet Fraction of Blood1,2,

Ethelwyn B. Wilcox and Mariam Grimes3

Department of Food and Nutrition, Utah State University, Logan, Utah

Ascorbic acid levels in white cells of Navajo Indian students (283) with and without hemorrhagic hyperplastic gingivitis were determined within a week after arrival at the Intermountain School, after supplementation with 300 mg of ascorbic acid, and at the end of 6 months. Data from this study show the following:

1. Initial mean white cell ascorbic acid values were significantly lower for subjects who had gingivitis than the values for the control groups.
2. Administration of 300 mg of ascorbic acid daily for three weeks resulted in significant increases in ascorbic acid levels. Most all of the subjects had normal values with 26 to 71% having values indicating saturation. These high levels could not be maintained with the cafeteria diet.
3. The percentage increase in white cell ascorbic acid content during the supplementation period was lowest for the control subjects (49%) and highest for the gingivitis group receiving the cafeteria diet for three weeks followed by a daily supplement of 300 mg of ascorbic acid for three weeks (91%). The other gingivitis subjects who received their supplement the first three weeks showed an increase of 78%.
4. Six months after initiation of the study all groups of subjects had normal values that were similar.

1 This study was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health and by a contract with the Division of Indian Health of the U. S. Public Health Service.

2 Approved as Utah Agricultural Experiment Station Journal Paper no. 165.

3 Present address: Cleveland, Ohio.

Manuscript received 11 February 1961.




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