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Pantothenate and Dietary Cholesterol in the Maintenance of Blood and Tissue Cholesterol Esters¹

One Figure

General Medical Research, Veterans Administration Center, Martinsburg, West Virginia, and the Department of Biochemistry, George Washington University, School of Medicine, Washington, D. C.

1. Following the feeding of a fat-free diet containing cholesterol and bile salts to normal animals, the blood cholesterol increased, while in pantothenate-deficient animals this diet had no appreciable effect on the blood cholesterol. Addition of fat to this diet accentuated the hypercholesterolemia in normal animals and produced hypercholesterolemia in the deficient rats.

2. No change in the blood cholesterol was noted when a cholesterol-free diet without fat was fed to normal and pantothenate-deficient animals.

3. The liver cholesterol was increased in both normal and pantothenate-deficient animals with hypercholesterolemia. However, the increase was greater in the rats receiving pantothenate.

4. The adrenal cholesterol declined in the pantothenate-deficient groups, with the exception of the group with hyper-cholesterolemia fed a diet containing cholesterol, fat and bile salts.

5. It is suggested that the previously observed decline in liver and serum cholesterol ester was partially due to a relative fatty acid deficiency whereby fatty acids were not readily available for cholesterol esterification in the intestine.

Manuscript received 7 March 1955.