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Journal of Nutrition Vol. 54 No. 3 November 1954, pp. 371-388
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Nutritive Value of the Diets of Iowa School Children1,2,

One Figure

Ercel S. Eppright, Virginia D. Sidwell and Pearl P. Swanson

Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station, Ames

Mean daily intakes of food energy and 10 nutrients have been estimated from 7-day dietary records for Iowa school children at successive ages from 6 through 18. Except for calcium, boys tended to have larger mean intakes of foodenergy and nutrients at successive years. The intakes of girls 6 to 12 tended to increase irregularly, but beyond 12 foodenergy and nutrient consumption remained the same or decreased, except for ascorbic acid. At 12 trends in nutrient intake of girls changed markedly, and at 16 negative deviations from the Allowances were especially noticeable.

The mean daily nutritive value of the diets of boys at most ages and of girls 6 through 12 years approximated or exceeded the N.R.C. Recommended Allowances, except in calcium. After 12, girls tended to have diets below the Allowances in most nutrients, but the deviations were greatest in iron and calcium.

In each age-sex group approximately 12, 42, and 46% of the total food-energy value of the diet was obtained from protein, fat and carbohydrate respectively. Mean daily protein intake during school age decreased from 2.7 to 1.1 gm per kilogram body weight for girls and from 2.9 to 1.5 for boys. Mean daily intakes of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin were related to mean daily intake of protein according to certain mathematical factors.

These observations of trends in nutrient consumption have focused attention particularly on the disparity between the apparent calcium intake of Iowa school children and their cstimated needs. Further study of the actual intakes and needs of girls in consecutive years, especially during the teenage, is also indicated. This failure of teen-age girls to have larger nutrient intakes at successive years is of interest in view of the subsequent study of their physical measurements.

1 Contribution No. 10. Subproject 2—"The Nutritional Status of School Children: The School Lunch as an Influencing Factor" of the North Central Region Cooperative Project NC-5, "Nutritional Status and Dietary Needs of Population Groups." (a) Human Nutrition Research Branch, Agricultural Research Service, Washington, D. C. (b) Iowa Agricultural Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, as Journal No. J-2447 Project 1021.

2 Supported in part by a grant and other assistance from General Mills, Inc., as a part of its nutrition education program.

Manuscript received 5 June 1954.




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