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Physiological Properties of Sodium Carboxymethyl Starch¹

Two Figures

The Department of Clinical Science, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago

Carboxymethyl starch of a high degree of substitution (starch R 9) causes diarrhea when fed to rats in concentrations as low as 5% of the diet, and when fed to humans at an average level of 60 gm per day. High concentrations of R 9 in the diet of rats (45% of the diet by weight) cause death within one week. Lower concentrations do not impair growth, even though they cause diarrhea.

Carboxymethyl starch of a low degree of substitution (starch R 10) produces a milder diarrheal reaction than starch R 9 in rats receiving it in a concentration of 45% of the diet.

Carboxymethylamylose produces diarrhea more readily than does carboxymethylamylopectin.

Starch R 10 shows no important difference from unmodified corn starch in regard to dextrinization and saccharification by salivary and pancreatic amylase. Starch R 9 shows an increased susceptibility to dextrinization but a decreased susceptibility to saccharification.

Manuscript received 24 October 1949.