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Dental Caries in the Cotton Rat¹

III. Effect of Different Dietary Carbohydrates on the Incidence and Extent of Dental Caries

Department of Biochemistry, College of Agriculture, University of Wisconsin, Madison

1. Data on the growth rate of cotton rats maintained on various carbohydrate diets and purified rations are presented. Additional growth responses could be demonstrated when either solubilized liver, 1:20 liver extract or whole liver substance was added to the sucrose rations.

2. Dextri-maltose, glucose, fructose, maltose and sucrose diets afforded approximately the same rate of growth. Fine dextrin, stock or soluble starch rations when fed to cotton rats produced inferior growth as compared to the sucrose control ration.

3. A very high incidence and extent of carious lesions were noted when glucose, dextri-maltose, fructose, maltose or lacto-sucrose diets were fed. However, find dextrin and coarse dextrin diets did not favor conditions for severe tooth decay and a very low incidence and extent of the lesions were observed. There was no appreciable difference in the results obtained with coarse or fine dextrin.

4. The replacement of one-half of the sucrose with fine dextrin did not reduce the severity of tooth decay as compared to animals which received the sucrose diets. The replacement of three-quarters of the sucrose with fine dextrin reduced the incidence and extent to a small degree.

We are indebted to Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Illinois, for halibut liver oil; to Merck and Company, Rahway, New Jersey, for the crystalline vitamins; and to Wilson Laboratories, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, for the liver concentrates used in these studies.

Manuscript received 18 January 1945.