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Studies of Unidentified Vitamins Required by the Chick

School of Nutrition and Department of Poultry Husbandry, Cornell University, Ithaca

Evidence, obtained previously, of the existence of two unidentified chick growth factors, designated factor R and factor S, has been confirmed. Factors R and S have been found not to be identical with folic acid, the Lactobacillus casei factor or vitamin B_c. If the latter factors are the same substance, as recent work indicates, a new chick antianemic factor has been revealed which is distinct from factors R and S. This antianemic factor may be vitamin B_c, however, in the event that crystalline preparations of it are contaminated with highly potent growth and antianemic factors or stimulate their bacterial synthesis in the intestinal tract. No evidence was obtained that folic acid is, or is not, required by the chick, since growth failure and very extreme mortality occurred in the absence of the antianemic factor and factor R or the antianemic factor and factor S. If folic acid is required, the amount appears to be less than 15 µg. per 100 gm. of diet.

Manuscript received 14 April 1944.