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The Influence of Arsenic and Certain Other Elements on the Toxicity of Seleniferous Grains^{1 ,2}

Three Figures

Experiment Station Chemistry Department, South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Brookings, South Dakota

Five p.p.m. of fluorine, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, cadmium, zinc, cobalt, nickel, and uranium given as water-soluble salts in the drinking water of rats fed a diet containing 11 p.p.m. of selenium from seleniferous wheat caused an increase in mortality.

The same level of tungsten in the form of Na₂WO₄2H₂O in the water prevented, to some extent, the typical liver damage caused by the seleniferous diet, and in addition seemed to decrease mortality of rats on such a diet.

Two and one-half p.p.m. of tungsten in the drinking water seemed to reduce the mortality rate of rats fed the seleniferous diet but did not prevent liver damage.

Complete prevention of the symptoms of selenium poisoning was accomplished by giving 5 p.p.m. of arsenic as sodium arsenite in the drinking water.

Two and one-half p.p.m. of arsenic prevented, to some extent, the selenium poisoning symptoms ordinarily caused by a diet containing 11 p.p.m. of selenium from seleniferous wheat. This level of arsenic did not prevent liver damage appreciably, but did bring about a greater food intake and more nearly normal growth.

² A preliminary report on part of this work was presented at the 96th Meeting of the American Chemical Society (Milwaukee, September, 1938) and also in Science, vol. 88, p. 81, 1938.

Manuscript received 12 June 1939.