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Utilization of Energy of Wheat Products by Chickens¹

Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, College Station

The value of several feeds for maintenance and for production of gain when fed to young growing chicks was compared with the value of cornmeal. The feeds to be compared were fed as half of a ration otherwise constant. The energy content was calculated from analyses made for protein and fat on representative chicks at the beginning and the chicks on experiment after 3 weeks of the feeding tests. The maintenance requirements were calculated from the data secured with the cornmeal ration. The calories of energy gained were calculated from the data of the other tests made at the same time. With the cornmeal ration as a standard, three tests were made with patent flour and low-grade flour, two with wheat bran and one with cornmeal. With the productive energy of cornmeal at 225 calories per 100 gm., the relative productive energy values of the other feeds averaged: patent flour 188, low grade flour 187, wheat brown shorts 86 and wheat bran 61. The relative productive energy values of effective digestible nutrients averaged, with cornmeal at 278, in patent flour 236, in low-grade flour 251, in wheat brown shorts 179 and in wheat bran 173. The relative productive energy values of the metabolizable energy were, with cornmeal at 61, patent flour 53, low-grade flour 57, wheat brown shorts 41 and wheat bran 41. When measured by gains of energy in protein and fat of growing chickens, neither the total nutrients, the digestible nutrients, nor the metabolizable energy are correct measures of the feeding values of cornmeal, wheat flour, wheat brown shorts and wheat bran.

Manuscript received 3 June 1939.