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Cure of Experimental Canine Blacktongue with Optimal and Minimal Doses of Nicotinic Acid1

Three Figures

George Margolis, Lester H. Margolis and Susan Gower Smith

Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine,2 Durham, North Carolina

Twenty-six dogs were studied in thirty-five attacks of acute blacktongue in their response to treatment with nicotinic acid at various dose levels under standardized conditions.

The minimum effective daily dose of nicotinic acid as judged by growth response, storage, prompt return of appetite and disappearance of the classical mouth symptoms was 0.5 mg. per kilogram. Daily doses of 1.0, 1.5 and 10 mg. per kilogram of body weight were equally effective. When the dose was reduced to 0.2 mg. per kilogram daily, the curative response was delayed. The weight remained constant or decreased during the first 5 to 8 days of treatment while the mouth lesions healed, then there was a gradual moderate gain in weight with return of appetite. A dose of 0.1 mg. per kilogram daily was completely ineffective in restoring the appetite and in preventing the loss of weight, but was sufficient to arrest the progress of and partially heal the mouth lesions, at the same time decreasing the rate of the weight loss.

A solution of nicotinic acid autoclaved for 6 hours was just as effective even at the lower levels of 0.2 mg. and 0.5 mg. as was the unautoclaved material.

1 This is the fifteenth in a series of coordinated studies on pellagra in man and associated deficiency diseases of animals from the Departments of Physiology, Pathology, Bacteriology and Medicine of Duke University with the cooperation of Dr. Y. Subbarow of the Department of Biochemistry of Harvard Medical School. Previous publications are listed in the ‘Literature Cited’ as Smith ('32), Ruffin and Smith ('34), Smith and Sprunt ('35), Dann ('36), Ruffin and Smith ('37), Smith and Ruffin ('37), Smith, Persons and Harvey ('37), Smith, Ruffin and Smith ('37), Dann ('37), Smith ('38), Smith, Margolis and Margolis ('38), Dann and Subbarow ('38), Harvey, Smith, Persons and Burns ('38), Dann ('38).

2 The expenses of this work were covered in part by grants from the Rockefeller Foundation of New York and the Lederle Biological Laboratories, Pearl River, New York.

Manuscript received 29 July 1938.




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