Insightful Research in Nutrition
J. Nutr. First published November 18, 2009; doi:10.3945/jn.109.112466
 Journal of Nutrition, doi:10.3945/jn.109.112466
Vol. 140, No. 1, 25-30, January 2010
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© 2010 American Society for Nutrition

Nutrition and Disease

Dietary Plasma Protein Supplements Prevent the Release of Mucosal Proinflammatory Mediators in Intestinal Inflammation in Rats1,2

Anna Pérez-Bosque3,*, Lluïsa Miró3, Javier Polo4, Louis Russell5, Joy Campbell5, Eric Weaver6, Joe Crenshaw5 and Miquel Moretó3

3 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and the Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain; 4 APC Europe S.A., Granollers 08403, Spain; 5 APC Inc, Ankeny, IA 50021; 6 Proliant Health and Biologicals, Ankeny, IA 50021

Spray-dried plasma (SDP) is a complex mixture of active proteins that modulates the immune response of gut-associated lymphoid tissue. We examined whether SDP and Ig concentrate (IC) supplementation could modulate cytokine expression and inflammatory mediators in rats challenged with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB). Wistar-Lewis rats were fed diets supplemented with SDP (8% wt:wt), IC (1.5% wt:wt), or milk proteins (control diet) from weaning (d 21) to d 34 after birth. On d 32 and 35, the rats were given SEB (0.5 mg/kg; intraperitoneal). Six hours after the second SEB dose, jejunal mucosa and Peyer's patches (PP) from the small intestine were collected. The cytokines interferon-{gamma} (IFN{gamma}), tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} (TNF{alpha}), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), and leukotrienne B4 (LTB4) were analyzed using commercial kits. SEB increased the release of proinflammatory mediators (IFN{gamma}, TNF{alpha}, IL-6, and LTB4) in PP (P < 0.05) and in the mucosa (P < 0.05). In both tissues, SDP prevented the increase in IFN{gamma}, IL-6, and LTB4 induced by SEB (P < 0.05). IC reduced the expression of TNF{alpha} and LTB4 in PP and mucosa (P < 0.05). SDP supplementation increased IL-10 and mature TGFβ concentrations in intestinal mucosa from both inflamed and noninflamed rats. Both SDP and IC increased the mature:total TGFβ ratio (all P < 0.05). Both supplements were effective at preventing the SEB-induced increase in proinflammatory:antiinflammatory cytokine ratios in PP and mucosa and in serum. The preventive effects of plasma supplements on intestinal inflammation involve modulation of intestinal cytokines, characterized by an increased expression of antiinflammatory cytokines.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: anna.perez{at}ub.edu.

Manuscript received 3 July 2009. Initial review completed 27 July 2009. Revision accepted 29 October 2009.

Published online 18 November 2009.