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Nutritional Epidemiology

Soybean Product Intake Modifies the Association between Interleukin-10 Genetic Polymorphisms and Gastric Cancer Risk^1–3,

⁴ Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; ⁵ Seoul National University Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Korea; ⁶ National Cancer Control Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; ⁷ Center for Genome Science, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, Korea; and ⁸ Department of Preventive Medicine, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Chungju, Korea

In this study, our aim was to investigate the association of inflammation-related genetic polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk and to examine whether the combined effect of soybean product intake modified cancer risk. Eighty-four incident gastric cancer cases and 336 matched controls were selected from the Korean Multi-Center Cancer Cohort. We selected 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from 5 genes [interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, and IL-10] and used unconditional logistic regression model to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI adjusting for H. pylori seropositivity, smoking, age, sex, enrollment year, and residential area. The risk for gastric cancer in relation to genetic polymorphisms and haplotypes were assessed according to soybean product intake levels. Although no single SNP effect was found, the combined effect between IL-10 gene variants of –592 GG/GA, –819 TC/CC, or –1082 AG/GG and low intake of soybean products had an increased risk for gastric cancer compared with the group with no risk gene variants and a high intake of soybean products (OR [95% CI] = 2.82 [1.04–7.62], 2.75 [1.02–7.44], and 4.34 [1.51–12.5], respectively). Among the low-soybean product intake group, IL-10 CCG haplotype had an increased risk of gastric cancer (OR = 3.38 [1.40–8.13]) relative to the ATA haplotype. Our results suggest that the association between IL-10 genetic polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk was modified by soybean product intake.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kyyoo{at}snu.ac.kr.

Manuscript received 6 November 2008. Initial review completed 8 December 2008. Revision accepted 22 February 2009.

Published online 25 March 2009.