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Nutrition and Disease

Long-Term Marginal Zinc Supply Is Not Detrimental to the Skeleton of Aged Female Rats^1,2

³ Institute of Physiology, Physiological Chemistry and Animal Nutrition, Ludwig Maximilians University, 80539 Munich, Germany; ⁴ Institute of Pathophysiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210 Vienna, Austria; ⁵ Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Osteology at Hanusch Hospital of Social Health Insurance Vienna and Austrian Social Insurance for Occupational Risk Trauma Centre Meidling, 4th Medical Department, Hanusch Hospital, 1140 Vienna, Austria; and ⁶ Department of Animal Science, Animal Nutrition, Technische Universität München, 85350 Freising, Germany

In this experiment, we investigated the long-term effects of a marginal zinc (Zn) supply on bone metabolism in aged rats. Nine-mo-old female Fischer-344 rats were divided into 8 weight-matched groups of 8 rats each. All rats were adapted for 1 mo to restrictive feeding (7.5 g/d) of a purified diet containing 8 g/kg sodium phytate and 64 mg/kg Zn. Control rats were pair-fed throughout the experiment. During the 1-mo depletion phase, controls received the Zn-replete diet with 64 mg/kg Zn, whereas Zn-deficient rats were fed the same diet with 2.2 mg/kg Zn. The depletion phase was followed by a 3-mo marginal phase in which the rats fed the diet with 2.2 mg/kg Zn received an additional daily Zn supplement of 75 µg Zn/rat by gavage. In the following 2-mo repletion phase, a marginal group was switched to the Zn-replete diet, while the other groups were maintained on marginal Zn supply or on the Zn-replete diet. Zn depletion and marginal Zn reduced serum and bone Zn and serum alkaline phosphatase activity. Zn repletion normalized serum Zn. However, apart from subtle changes in bone mineralization density distribution, Zn deficiency was not associated with detrimental effects on bone mineral density, turnover, architecture, or biomechanics relative to control rats at any time point. Our data suggest that Zn does not play an essential role in bone metabolism in aged rats and cast doubt on the hypthosis that Zn deficiency is a risk factor for osteoporosis.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: reinhold.erben{at}vu-wien.ac.at.

Manuscript received 20 October 2008. Initial review completed 3 December 2008. Revision accepted 14 January 2009.

Published online 11 February 2009.