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Nutrient Physiology, Metabolism, and Nutrient-Nutrient Interactions

Severe Iron Deficiency Decreases Both Bone Formation and Bone Resorption in Rats¹

Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Applied Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan

The purpose of this study was to clarify the manner in which dietary iron deficiency decreased bone mineral density (BMD) in rats. Eighteen 3-wk-old male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 6 rats each. The rats in 2 of the 3 groups had free access to a control diet (C group) or an iron-deficient diet (ID group) for 4 wk. The rats in the third group (PF group) were pair-fed the control diet to the mean intake of the ID group. Compared with the C and PF groups, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations were significantly reduced and bone mineral content and BMD of the femur were significantly lower in the ID group. Bone histomorphometric parameters showed that the bone formation rate and osteoclast surface in the lumbar vertebra were significantly reduced in the ID group compared with the C and PF groups. Furthermore, dietary iron deficiency decreased serum 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, insulin-like growth factor-I, and osteocalcin concentrations and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline. These results suggest that severe iron deficiency decreases not only bone formation but also bone resorption.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: s1katsum{at}nodai.ac.jp.

Manuscript received 30 May 2008. Initial review completed 12 July 2008. Revision accepted 19 November 2008.

Published online 23 December 2008.