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Nutrition and Disease

1,2-Vinyldithiin from Garlic Inhibits Differentiation and Inflammation of Human Preadipocytes^1–3,

⁴ INSERM, U872, Nutriomique Team 7, Paris, F-75006 France; ⁵ Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6, UMR S 872, Paris, F-75006 France; ⁶ Université Paris Descartes, UMR S 872, Paris, F-75006 France; ⁷ BioXtract SA, 5590 Achêne, Belgium; and ⁸ AP-HP, Pitié Salpetrière Hospital, Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Paris, F-75013 France

Obesity is a state of chronic low-grade inflammation. Limiting white adipose tissue (WAT) expansion and therefore reducing inflammation could be effective in preventing the progression of obesity and the development of associated complications. We investigated the effects of 1,2-vinyldithiin (1,2-DT), a garlic-derived organosulfur, on the differentiation and inflammatory state of human preadipocytes. Preadipocytes were prepared from subcutaneous adipose tissue of nonobese young women and differentiated in the presence of 1,2-DT. Inflammatory preadipocytes were obtained following treatment with human macrophage-secreted factors. 1,2-DT (100 µmol/L) significantly reduced gene expression of PPAR2 (–40%), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein- (–25%), lipoprotein lipase (–22%), leptin (–30%), and adiponectin (–15%). Lipid accumulation was also significantly diminished in preadipocytes differentiated in the presence of 100 µmol/L 1,2-DT (–37%) compared with controls. Furthermore, 100 µmol/L 1,2-DT treatment for 10 d significantly reduced PPAR activity (–27%). The protein expression of perilipin and the secretion levels for 2 adipokines, leptin and adiponectin, were significantly diminished in 1,2-DT-cultured preadipocytes (–37, –51, and –43%, respectively). Moreover, the secretion of inflammatory molecules (interleukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) induced by macrophage-secreted factors was partially abolished in 100 µmol/L 1,2-DT–treated preadipocytes (–28 and –25%, respectively). In conclusion, we demonstrated that 1,2-DT, a garlic-derived organosulfur, has antiadipogenic and antiinflammatory actions on human preadipocytes and may be a novel, antiobesity nutraceutical.

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mayoura.keophiphath{at}crc.jussieu.fr.

Manuscript received 5 February 2009. Initial review completed 5 March 2009. Revision accepted 19 August 2009.

Published online 16 September 2009.