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Nutritional Epidemiology

Vegetable but Not Fruit Consumption Reduces the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Chinese Women^1,2

³ Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Nashville, TN 37203-1738; ⁴ Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China; and ⁵ Department of Medicine, Diabetes Research and Training Center, Nashville, TN 37232

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: xiao-ou.shu{at}vanderbilt.edu.

We examined associations between fruit and vegetable intake and the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in a population-based prospective study of 64,191 women with no history of T2D or other chronic diseases at study recruitment and with valid dietary information. Dietary intake was assessed by in-person interviews using a validated FFQ. During 297,755 person-years of follow-up, 1608 new cases of T2D were documented. We used a Cox regression model to evaluate the association of fruit and vegetable intake (g/d) with the risk of T2D. Quintiles of vegetable intake and T2D were inversely associated. The relative risk for T2D for the upper quintile relative to the lower quintile of vegetable intake was 0.72 (95%CI: 0.61–0.85; P < 0.01) in multivariate analysis. Individual vegetable groups were all inversely and significantly associated with the risk of T2D. Fruit intake was not associated with the incidence of diabetes in this population. Our data suggest that vegetable consumption may protect against the development of T2D.

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