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Supplement: 7th Amino Acid Assessment Workshop

The 7th Workshop on the Assessment of Adequate Intake of Dietary Amino Acids: Summary of General Discussion^1,2

³ Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Quality Assurance and External Scientific Affairs Department, 104-8315 Tokyo, Japan; ⁴ School of Medicine, University of Southampton, SO16 7PX Southampton, UK; ⁵ Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 950-2181 Niigata, Japan; and ⁶ Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Hotel-Dieu Hospital/Laboratory of Biological Nutrition, Paris Descartes University, 75270 Paris, France

^* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: takeshi_kimura{at}ajinomoto.com.

Extensive discussion sessions were held at the end of each of the 2 d of the workshop. Through the course of the workshop, it became clear that there were different opinions on how to use uncertainty factors to obtain upper levels of intake from no observed adverse effect levels of a particular nutrient and that the selection of an appropriate uncertainty factor would be rather arbitrary. Much of the discussion centered around the potential for using metabolic limits, expressed as the level of intake at which the major pathway of metabolism may approach saturation and at which the amino acid is metabolized by alternative pathways, as a measurable early or surrogate marker for amino acid excess and possible toxicity. After extensive discussion on various conditions that would need to be satisfied for metabolic limits to be used as markers of excessive intake of amino acids, there was a general consensus that methods such as measuring oxidation limits are an attractive approach that merit future investigation. It was noted that there are many data on the clinical use of glutamine, whereas data for proline are very scarce. There was recognition that regardless of the available data, there is regulatory pressure for setting upper levels of intake for amino acids and that much more data are required.