![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
3 Program in International Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA; 4 Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; 5 Pemba Public Health Laboratory-Ivo de Carneri, Zanzibar, United Republic of Tanzania; 6 Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; and 7 U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: rjs62{at}cornell.edu.
Iron and zinc deficiencies have been associated with delayed motor development in nutritionally at-risk children, albeit inconsistently. In this community-based, randomized double-blind trial, iron+folic acid (FeFA) (12.5 mg Fe + 50 µg folic acid), zinc (Zn) (10 mg), and iron+folic acid+zinc (FeFA+Zn) supplements or a placebo were given daily for 1 y to nutritionally at-risk children in Pemba, Zanzibar. The effects of these treatments on attaining unassisted walking were evaluated using survival analysis for 354 children aged 5–11 mo at the start of supplementation. Treatment effects on changes in hemoglobin (Hb) and zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) and height-for-age (HAZ) and weight-for-age (WAZ) Z scores were evaluated using linear regression. Attained motor milestone was recorded every 2 wk for 1 y. Hb, ZPP, HAZ, and WAZ were measured at baseline and after 6 mo of treatment. FeFA with or without Zn reduced the time it took for children to walk assisted. Children who received any iron walked unassisted sooner than those who received no iron [median difference 
15 d, P = 0.035, risk ratio (RR) = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.61] and this effect was stronger in those who had iron deficiency anemia (IDA) at baseline (median difference was 30 d; P = 0.002; RR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.21, 2.32). FeFA alone and Zn alone improved Hb and ZPP compared with placebo. There were no significant treatment effects on changes in HAZ or WAZ. The effects of treatment on time to walking may have been mediated by improvements in iron status or hemoglobin, but were not mediated through improvements in growth.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  D. K. Olney, P. K. Kariger, R. J. Stoltzfus, S. S. Khalfan, N. S. Ali, J. M. Tielsch, S. Sazawal, R. Black, L. H. Allen, and E. Pollitt Development of Nutritionally At-Risk Young Children Is Predicted by Malaria, Anemia, and Stunting in Pemba, Zanzibar J. Nutr., April 1, 2009; 139(4): 763 - 772. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 U. Ramakrishnan, P. Nguyen, and R. Martorell Effects of micronutrients on growth of children under 5 y of age: meta-analyses of single and multiple nutrient interventions Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2009; 89(1): 191 - 203. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 L. W. Tengco, P. Rayco-Solon, J. A. Solon, J. N. Sarol Jr., and F. S. Solon Determinants of Anemia among Preschool Children in the Philippines J. Am. Coll. Nutr., April 1, 2008; 27(2): 229 - 243. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. K. Olney, E. Pollitt, P. K. Kariger, S. S. Khalfan, N. S. Ali, J. M. Tielsch, S. Sazawal, R. Black, D. Mast, L. H. Allen, et al. Young Zanzibari Children with Iron Deficiency, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Stunting, or Malaria Have Lower Motor Activity Scores and Spend Less Time in Locomotion J. Nutr., December 1, 2007; 137(12): 2756 - 2762. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
