![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
3 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: shapses{at}aesop.rutgers.edu.
Of the U.S. population, 65% is either overweight or obese, and weight loss is recommended to reduce co-morbid conditions. However, bone mobilization and loss may also occur with weight loss. The risk for bone loss depends on initial body weight, age, gender, physical activity, and conditions of dieting such as the extent of energy restriction and specific levels of nutrient intake. Older populations are more prone to bone loss with weight loss; in women, this is due at least in part to a reduced dietary Ca intake and/or efficiency of absorption. Potential hormonal mechanisms regulating bone loss during weight loss are discussed, including decreases in estrogen, leptin, glucagon-like peptide-2, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor-1, or an increase in cortisol. In contrast, the rise in adiponectin and ghrelin with weight reduction should not be detrimental to bone. Combining energy restriction with exercise does not necessarily prevent bone loss, but may attenuate loss as was shown with additional Ca intake or osteoporosis medications. Future controlled weight loss trials should be designed to further address mechanisms influencing the density and quality of bone sites vulnerable to fracture, in the prevention of osteoporosis.
KEY WORDS: • bone • calcium • diet • osteoporosis • weight loss
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  K. M. Pye, A. P. Wakefield, H. M. Aukema, J. D. House, M. R. Ogborn, and H. A. Weiler A High Mixed Protein Diet Reduces Body Fat without Altering the Mechanical Properties of Bone in Female Rats J. Nutr., November 1, 2009; 139(11): 2099 - 2105. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Fleischer, E. M. Stein, M. Bessler, M. D. Badia, N. Restuccia, L. Olivero-Rivera, D. J. McMahon, and S. J. Silverberg The Decline in Hip Bone Density after Gastric Bypass Surgery Is Associated with Extent of Weight Loss J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2008; 93(10): 3735 - 3740. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Hadji, J. -J. Body, M. S. Aapro, A. Brufsky, R. E. Coleman, T. Guise, A. Lipton, and M. Tubiana-Hulin Practical guidance for the management of aromatase inhibitor-associated bone loss Ann. Onc., August 1, 2008; 19(8): 1407 - 1416. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. P. Thorpe, E. H. Jacobson, D. K. Layman, X. He, P. M. Kris-Etherton, and E. M. Evans A Diet High in Protein, Dairy, and Calcium Attenuates Bone Loss over Twelve Months of Weight Loss and Maintenance Relative to a Conventional High-Carbohydrate Diet in Adults J. Nutr., June 1, 2008; 138(6): 1096 - 1100. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J. Sogaard, H. E. Meyer, S. Tonstad, L. L. Haheim, and I. Holme Weight Cycling and Risk of Forearm Fractures: A 28-Year Follow-up of Men in the Oslo Study Am. J. Epidemiol., April 15, 2008; 167(8): 1005 - 1013. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. J Lucey, G. K Paschos, K. D Cashman, J A. Martinez, I. Thorsdottir, and M. Kiely Influence of moderate energy restriction and seafood consumption on bone turnover in overweight young adults Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, April 1, 2008; 87(4): 1045 - 1052. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. R. Tatara, W. Krupski, E. Sliwa, R. Maciejewski, and A. Dabrowski Fundectomy-Evoked Osteopenia in Pigs Is Mediated by the Gastric-Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis Experimental Biology and Medicine, December 1, 2007; 232(11): 1449 - 1457. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
E. Barrett-Connor and C. A. Stuenkel Lifestyle Intervention and Postmenopausal Bone Density J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., October 1, 2007; 92(10): 3777 - 3779. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 B. M. Abdallah, M. Ding, C. H. Jensen, N. Ditzel, A. Flyvbjerg, T. G. Jensen, F. Dagnaes-Hansen, J. A. Gasser, and M. Kassem Dlk1/FA1 Is a Novel Endocrine Regulator of Bone and Fat Mass and Its Serum Level Is Modulated by Growth Hormone Endocrinology, July 1, 2007; 148(7): 3111 - 3121. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
