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Supplement: Significance of Garlic and Its Constituents in Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease

Aged Garlic Extract Has Chemopreventative Effects On 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Tumors in Rats^1,3

Takefumi Katsuki^*, Keiji Hirata^*,4, Hideki Ishikawa, Nariaki Matsuura^**, Shin-ichiro Sumi^,2 and Hideaki Itoh^*

^* Department of Surgery 1, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan; Laboratory of Hereditary Tumor, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Hyogo College of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; ^** Department of Molecular Pathology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and Healthcare Development Department, Wakunaga Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hiroshima, Japan

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hirata{at}med.uoeh-u.ac.jp.

Garlic has been reported to have chemopreventive effects against a variety of cancers. However, different garlic preparations contain different constituents. We investigated the chemopreventive effect of aged garlic extract (AGE), an odorless product from prolonged extraction of fresh garlic, on colon carcinogenesis and cell proliferation in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon neoplastic rats. Rats were given weekly subcutaneous injections of DMH (20mg/kg) for 20 wk, and fed either a basal diet or one containing 4% AGE. Serum from AGE-treated rats contained detectable S-allylcysteine. The AGE diet significantly reduced the number of colon tumors and aberrant crypt foci compared to the basal diet. Cell proliferation of normal-appearing colonic mucosa was assessed by MIB-5 immunohistochemistry. AGE treatment significantly decreased the mean MIB-5-labeling index. These findings suggest AGE has a chemopreventive effect on colon carcinogenesis through suppression of cell proliferation.

KEY WORDS: • aged garlic extract • S-allylcysteine • colon carcinogenesis • chemoprevention • cell proliferation

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