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Supplement: Significance of Garlic and Its Constituents in Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease

Nitric Oxide Mediates the Blood-Pressure Lowering Effect of Garlic in the Rat Two-Kidney, One-Clip Model of Hypertension^1,2

Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat 13060, Kuwait

³ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: qattan{at}kuc01.kuniv.edu.kw.

Garlic reduces blood pressure (BP) in two-kidney, one-clip (2K-1C) rats, and enhances nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in in vivo and in vitro experiments. NO is an important modulator of BP in the 2K-1C model. This study investigated the role of NO in the BP-lowering effect of garlic in the 2K-1C model. BP readings (mm Hg) were obtained from 2K-1C rats in 4 groups treated intraperitoneally for 2 wk with either normal saline (NS), garlic, L-nitroarginine-methylester (L-NAME), or L-NAME + garlic (n = 4 x 5). BP was determined using the tail-cuff method and compared with data of 4 similarly treated groups of normal (unclipped) rats (NRs). The BP readings of NR groups were 120 ± 3 mm Hg for the NS-treated group, 120 ± 2 mm Hg for the garlic-treated group, 167 ± 3 mm Hg for the L-NAME treated group (higher than NS or garlic, P < 0.001) and 128 ± 5 mm Hg for the garlic + L-NAME-treated group (lower than L-NAME, P < 0.001). The BP readings of 2K-1C rat groups were: for the NS group, 169 ± 6 mm Hg (higher than NRs, P < 0.001); for the garlic group, 116 ± 7 mm Hg (lower than NS, P < 0.001); for the L-NAME group: 184 ± 8 mm Hg (higher than garlic, P < 0.001), and for the L-NAME + garlic group: 130 ± 6 mm Hg (lower than garlic or NS, P < 0.001). The data show that L-NAME increases the BP of both NRs and 2K-1C rats, with the rise more evident in the NRs (39 vs. 9%, respectively). Garlic counteracts the hypertensive effect of L-NAME in NRs as well as 2K-1C rats. We conclude that the BP-lowering effect of garlic in the rat 2K-1C model may be partly mediated through the NO pathway.

KEY WORDS: • nitric oxide • garlic • 2K-1C • hypertension

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