QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Liu, Z. Articles by Barrett, E. J. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Liu, Z. Articles by Barrett, E. J.

---

Branched-Chain Amino Acids: Metabolism, Physiological Function, and Application: Session I

The Regulation of Body and Skeletal Muscle Protein Metabolism by Hormones and Amino Acids^1–3,

Department of Internal Medicine and General Clinical Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908

⁴ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ejb8x{at}virginia.edu.

ABSTRACT

For many decades, it has been recognized that insulin, growth hormone, glucocorticoids, insulin-like growth factor 1, thyroid hormones, and other hormones regulate body protein metabolism. It has been more recently recognized, but not understood, that humor factors present in states of acute and chronic inflammation could have a strong impact on protein turnover. Most recently, the role of amino acids, acting as signaling molecules, has become increasingly clarified. In aggregate, these factors (together with neuromuscular activity) determine the balance of body protein mass. We will review some of these data, particularly focusing on amino acids, insulin, and the growth hormone axis and their actions in muscle and how these relate to whole-body protein metabolism.

KEY WORDS: • insulin • growth hormone • IGF-I • amino acids • protein degradation • protein synthesis • skeletal muscle

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. I. Smith, P. Atherton, D. N. Reeds, B. S. Mohammed, H. Jaffery, D. Rankin, M. J. Rennie, and B. Mittendorfer No major sex differences in muscle protein synthesis rates in the postabsorptive state and during hyperinsulinemia-hyperaminoacidemia in middle-aged adults J Appl Physiol, October 1, 2009; 107(4): 1308 - 1315. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Cynober and R. A. Harris Symposium on Branched-Chain Amino Acids: Conference Summary J. Nutr., January 1, 2006; 136(1): 333S - 336S. [Full Text] [PDF]