QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Færch, K. Articles by Glümer, C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Færch, K. Articles by Glümer, C.

---

Nutritional Epidemiology

A Statistical Approach Based on Substitution of Macronutrients Provides Additional Information to Models Analyzing Single Dietary Factors in Relation to Type 2 Diabetes in Danish Adults: the Inter99 Study^1,2

Kristine Færch^*,,3, Cathrine Lau^*,, Inge Tetens, Oluf Borbye Pedersen^*, Torben Jørgensen^**, Knut Borch-Johnsen^* and Charlotte Glümer^*

^* Steno Diabetes Center, DK-2820 Gentofte, Denmark; Department of Human Nutrition, LMC Centre for Advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary & Agricultural University, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; and ^** Research Centre for Prevention and Health, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark

³To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: krif{at}steno.dk.

Most studies analyzing diet-disease relations focus on single dietary factors rather than combining different nutrients into the same statistical model. The objective of this study was to identify dietary factors associated with the probability of having diabetes identified by screening (SDM) in Danish men and women aged 30–60 y. A specific objective was to examine whether an alternative statistical approach could provide additional information to already existing statistical approaches used in nutritional epidemiology. Baseline data from the Danish population-based Inter99 study were used. The dietary intake of 262 individuals with SDM was compared with that of 4627 individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) using 2 different types of multiple logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders. The first model included single dietary factors, whereas the second model was based on substitution of macronutrients. In the models with single dietary factors, high intakes of carbohydrates, dietary fiber, and coffee were inversely associated with SDM (P < 0.01), whereas high intakes of total fat and saturated fat were positively associated with SDM (P < 0.05). A modest U-shaped association was found between alcohol consumption and SDM (P = 0.09). Results from the substitution model showed that when 3% of energy (En%) as carbohydrate replaced 3 En% fat, alcohol, or protein, the probability of having SDM decreased by 7, 10 and 16%, respectively (P < 0.05). No other macronutrient substitutions resulted in significant associations. Hence, the statistical approach based on substitution of macronutrients provided additional information to the model analyzing single dietary factors.

KEY WORDS: • diabetes • risk • diet • macronutrient • statistical approach

This article has been cited by other articles:

				J. A Greenberg, C. N Boozer, and A. Geliebter Coffee, diabetes, and weight control. Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2006; 84(4): 682 - 693. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. M. van Dam, W. C. Willett, J. E. Manson, and F. B. Hu Coffee, Caffeine, and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A prospective cohort study in younger and middle-aged U.S. women Diabetes Care, February 1, 2006; 29(2): 398 - 403. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]