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Nutrition and Cancer

Oral Administration of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, a Butyrate-Producing Bacterium, Decreases the Formation of Aberrant Crypt Foci in the Colon and Rectum of Mice^1,2

Department of Life Science, College of Agriculture, Meiji University, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan

³To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hino{at}isc.meiji.ac.jp.

ABSTRACT

Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, a butyrate-producing ruminal bacterium, was evaluated for use as a probiotic to prevent colorectal cancer. Oral administration to Jcl:ICR mice of a new strain of B. fibrisolvens (MDT-1) that produces butyrate at a high rate (10⁹ cfu/dose) increased the rate of butyrate production by fecal microbes, suggesting that MDT-1 can grow in the gut. The number of colorectal aberrant crypt foci (ACF), putative preneoplastic lesions induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, was reduced after MDT-1 administration (10⁹ cfu/dose, 3 times/wk for 4 wk). The number of aberrant crypts (ACs), number of foci having 3 or 4 ACs per focus, and the percentage of mice having 3 or 4 ACs per focus were also reduced, suggesting that the progress of lesions was suppressed by MDT-1. Interestingly, the MDT-1 cell homogenate did not have a similar beneficial effect. MDT-1 had low ß-glucuronidase activity, and administration of MDT-1 reduced the ß-glucuronidase activity in the colorectal contents. The numbers of natural killer (NK) and NKT cells in the spleen were markedly enhanced in response to MDT-1. Decreased ß-glucuronidase activity and increased numbers of NK and NKT cells and butyrate production may explain in part why MDT-1 administration suppressed ACF formation. These results suggest that colorectal cancer may be prevented or suppressed by the utilization of MDT-1 as a probiotic. Administration of MDT-1 had no harmful effect on the health of mice at least for 3 mo.

KEY WORDS: • Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens • intestinal bacteria • probiotic • colon cancer • butyrate

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