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Nutritional Immunology

Murine Antigen-Presenting Cells Are Multifunctional In Vitro Biosensors for Detecting the Immunoactive Potential of Bovine Milk Products¹

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand and ^* Fonterra Marketing and Innovation Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: glen.buchan{at}stonebow.otago.ac.nz.

Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are multifunctional components of the immune defense system. In this study, murine APCs were used as biosensors to detect immunologically active components of bovine milk and colostrum. By measuring changes in cell surface protein markers [major histocompatibility complex II, cluster designation (CD)40, CD86] and cytokines (tumor necrosis factor- and interleukin-10) associated with APC activation, we identified a number of compounds that are immunoactive. The mouse macrophage cell line MH-S offered a simple and robust target for identification of immunoactives. The assay was shown to be adaptable for measuring immunoenhancing or immunosuppressive substances. Large-scale screening of milk extracts using this bioassay has the potential to identify substances that could be developed into nutraceuticals or pharmaceutical-grade immunotherapeutics.

KEY WORDS: • antigen-presenting cell • milk • immunoactive • cytokines • CD markers