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Human Nutrition and Metabolism

Hyperlipidemic Subjects Have Reduced Uptake of Newly Absorbed Vitamin E into Their Plasma Lipoproteins, Erythrocytes, Platelets, and Lymphocytes, as Studied by Deuterium-Labeled -Tocopherol Biokinetics^1,2

Centre for Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK

³To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: j.lodge{at}surrey.ac.uk.

Vitamin E homeostasis in hyperlipidemia is poorly understood. The biokinetics of deuterated -tocopherol (-T) in blood components was investigated in normolipidemic (N; total cholesterol < 5.5 mmol/L and triglycerides < 1.5 mmol/L, n = 9), hypercholesterolemic (HC; total cholesterol > 6.5 mmol/L and triglycerides < 1.5 mmol/L, n = 10), and combined hypercholesterolemic and hypertriglyceridemic (HCT; total cholesterol > 6.5 mmol/L and triglycerides > 2.5 mmol/L, n = 6) subjects. Subjects ingested 150 mg hexadeuterated RRR--tocopheryl acetate, and blood was collected up to 48 h after ingestion. Labeled -T was measured in plasma, lipoproteins, erythrocytes, platelets, and lymphocytes by liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy. In plasma, HC had an earlier time of maximum concentration (6 h) compared with N and HCT (12 h) (P < 0.05). HCT had a lower uptake of labeled -T (P < 0.005) and a longer half-life (P < 0.05). In chylomicrons, the maximum labeled -T concentration was higher in HC compared with N and HCT (P < 0.00005); however, HCT had a lower uptake of labeled -T in LDL. In all groups, the lowest density LDL subfraction contained more labeled -T than denser subfractions (P < 0.05). In platelets, lymphocytes, and erythrocytes, the areas under the labeled -T concentration vs. time curves were in the order N > HC > HCT. In lymphocytes, differences in labeled -T were found at 6 and 48 h (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that there are differences in the uptake of newly absorbed -T into blood components in hyperlipidemia. Because these blood components are functionally affected by vitamin E, reduced uptake of -T may be relevant to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

KEY WORDS: • deuterated • tocopherol • biokinetics • blood cells • hyperlipidemia

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