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Nutrient Requirements

Kinetic Parameters and Plasma Zinc Concentration Correlate Well with Net Loss and Gain of Zinc from Men^1,2,3

Nicola M. Lowe, Leslie R. Woodhouse^*, Barbara Sutherland^*, David M. Shames, Betty J. Burri^*, Steven A. Abrams^**, Judith R. Turnlund^*, Malcolm J. Jackson and Janet C. King^*,4

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK PR1 2HE; ^* U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616; Department of Radiology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143; ^** U.S. Department of Agriculture, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030; and Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool, UK L69 3GA

⁴To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jking{at}chori.org.

The search for a reliable, convenient indicator of Zn status was the focus of research for several decades. Plasma Zn concentration is still the most widely used clinical measurement, despite the known problems of interpretation. More recently, researchers suggested that isotopically determined kinetic parameters, such as the exchangeable Zn pool (EZP), may more accurately and reliably reflect body Zn status. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between net body Zn loss and gain during acute changes in dietary Zn intake with biochemical and kinetic indices of Zn status. Five men participated in an 85-d Zn depletion/repletion study. Net body Zn loss and gain were determined from the difference between dietary plus intravenously administered Zn and Zn excretion. Biochemical indicators of Zn status included plasma Zn, plasma alkaline phosphatase activity, and plasma retinol binding protein concentration. Following intravenous administration of ⁷⁰Zn or ⁶⁷Zn, a compartmental model was used to determine EZP mass, fractional Zn absorption, endogenous zinc excretion (EZE), and plasma Zn flux. The changes in total body zinc correlated best with changes in plasma Zn (r² = 0.826, P < 0.001), EZE (r² = 0.773, P < 0.001), and plasma Zn flux (r² = 0.766, P < 0.001). This study confirms that plasma Zn concentration is a valid indicator of whole-body Zn status in the absence of confounding factors; however, further research is needed to determine how kinetic parameters respond to conditions where plasma Zn concentration is known to be unreliable.

KEY WORDS: • zinc status • biochemical indices • stable isotopes • kinetic analysis • compartmental model

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