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Nutrient Metabolism

Indicator Amino Acid Oxidation Responds Rapidly to Changes in Lysine or Protein Intake in Growing and Adult Pigs^1,2

Soenke Moehn^*, Robert F.P. Bertolo^*,3, Paul B. Pencharz^*, and Ronald O. Ball^*,4

^* Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, T6G 2P5 and Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5G 1X8

⁴To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Ron.Ball{at}ualberta.ca.

There is disagreement about the adaptation time required when using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) technique. Our objective was to establish the adaptation time required to obtain a plateau in indicator (L-[1-¹⁴C]-phenylalanine) oxidation in response to a test diet using growing and adult pigs. Four barrows (20 kg) and 4 sows (240 kg) were surgically implanted with venous catheters for isotope infusion. Growing Pigs: After 7 d of adaptation to an adequate lysine intake of 8.8 g/d, phenylalanine oxidation in growing pigs was 9.38 ± 1.25% of the infused dose. At 2, 3, 4, or 6 d after reducing lysine intake to 3.8 g/d, and then increasing it back to 8.8 g/d, phenylalanine oxidation was 16.94 ± 0.84% (P < 0.05) and 9.70 ± 0.80% (P < 0.05), respectively, with no significant effect of days of adaptation to diet. Adult Pigs: After 14 d of adaptation to an intake of 200% of the amino acid maintenance requirement, phenylalanine oxidation in sows was 4.23 ± 0.45% of dose. Changing the intake to 100 and 50% of the maintenance requirement, increased (P < 0.05) phenylalanine oxidation to 5.95 ± 0.26 and 7.90 ± 0.26%, respectively, with no significant effect of time (1, 2, 5, 6, 9, and 10 d) after diet change. The CV for repeated phenylalanine oxidation measurements within pigs and diets was 13.5% for growing and 8.8% for adult pigs. This demonstrates that the IAAO requires <2 d of adaptation regardless of age, dietary challenge (individual amino acid or total protein) or direction (increase or decrease) of change, and that the measured oxidation rate (% of dose) is highly repeatable.

KEY WORDS: • adaptation • amino acid kinetics • pigs • indicator amino acid oxidation

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