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Recent Advances in Nutritional Sciences

Rapid, Membrane-Initiated Actions of 1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D: What Are They and What Do They Mean?^1,2

Department of Foods and Nutrition and the Interdepartmental Nutrition Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907

³To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: fleet{at}purdue.edu.

Vitamin D is a conditionally required nutrient traditionally thought to influence physiology as the metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)₂ D] by binding to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and stimulating the transcription of genes through direct VDR-DNA interactions. However, over the past 15 y research has demonstrated that 1,25(OH)₂ D, as well as other steroid hormones, can rapidly stimulate ion fluxes and activate protein kinases by transcription-independent mechanisms. This review summarizes recent research on the rapid actions of 1,25(OH)₂ D and identifies questions that remain to be answered in this area.

KEY WORDS: • kinase • ion flux • vitamin D

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