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Nutrient Metabolism

-Eleostearic Acid (9Z11E13E-18:3) Is Quickly Converted to Conjugated Linoleic Acid (9Z11E-18:2) in Rats

Food & Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory and ^* Laboratory of Nutrition, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan

¹To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: miyazawa{at}biochem.tohoku.ac.jp.

We previously showed that -eleostearic acid (-ESA; 9Z11E13E-18:3) is converted to conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; 9,11–18:2) in the liver and plasma of rats that were given diets including 1% -ESA for 4 wk. In this study, we investigated this phenomenon in detail. First, the chemical structure of CLA produced by -ESA administration was determined. After -ESA was orally administered to rats, CLA in rat liver was isolated by HPLC. The positional and geometric isomerism was determined using GC-EI/MS and ¹³C-NMR, respectively, and the CLA generated in rats after -ESA feeding was confirmed to be 9Z11E-CLA. Next, the concentrations of -ESA and CLA were determined 0, 3, 6, and 24 h after oral administration of -ESA to rats. Moreover, we also investigated whether enteric bacteria are involved in the conversion of -ESA to CLA using germ-free rats. -ESA was orally administered to germ-free and normal rats and -ESA and CLA were detected in the organs of both groups. In addition, to confirm that this reaction was enzyme-mediated, -ESA was reacted with tissue homogenates (liver, kidney, and small intestine mucous) and coenzymes (NADH, NAD⁺, NADPH, and NADP⁺), and the enzyme activities were estimated from the amount of CLA produced. CLA was detected when -ESA was reacted with liver, kidney, and small intestine mucous homogenates and a coenzyme (NADPH). These results indicated that -ESA is converted to 9Z11E-CLA in rats by a 13-saturation reaction carried out by an NADPH-dependent enzyme.

KEY WORDS: • conjugated linoleic acid • conjugated linolenic acid • eleostearic acid • germ-free rat • GC-EI/MS

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