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Supplement: Nutrient Composition for Fortified Complementary Foods

Nutrient Composition of Fortified Complementary Foods: Should Age-Specific Micronutrient Content and Ration Sizes Be Recommended?¹

Department of Nutrition and Program in International Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8669

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kgdewey{at}ucdavis.edu.

Designing a fortified complementary food that meets the nutrient needs of all breast-fed children 6–24 mo of age is a challenge because of variability in the amounts of complementary foods consumed and the very high nutrient requirements of children < 12 mo of age. A single formulation targeted for infants 6–8 mo of age will result in excessive intakes of certain nutrients (e.g., calcium, iron and zinc) if consumed by children 12–23 mo of age (up to six times the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for iron), whereas a formulation targeted for children 12–23 mo of age will provide insufficient levels of nutrients for infants 6–8 mo of age (e.g., only 4–44% of the RDA for iron). Options for resolving this dilemma include developing 1) two or more different formulations for different age groups, 2) a high nutrient-density product but specifying a maximum ration per day or 3) a lower nutrient-density product and using a combination of approaches (e.g., a separate iron supplement) to reach the higher levels needed by infants. More information is needed on efficacy, costs and feasibility of these options.

KEY WORDS: • infant nutrition • complementary foods • iron • micronutrients • fortification

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