QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Purchase Article View Shopping Cart Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Gupta, S. V. Articles by Khosla, P. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Gupta, S. V. Articles by Khosla, P.

---

Nutrient Metabolism

Replacing 40% of Dietary Animal Fat with Vegetable Oil Is Associated with Lower HDL Cholesterol and Higher Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein in Cynomolgus Monkeys Fed Sufficient Linoleic Acid

Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202

⁴To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pkhosla{at}sun.science.wayne.edu.

This study was designed to evaluate whether replacing 40 g/100 g dietary animal fat with vegetable oil would improve plasma lipids and lipoproteins when diets contained prudent levels of total saturated acid (SFA), monounsaturated acid (MUFA) and PUFA. Using a cross-over design, male Cynomolgus monkeys (n = 10) were fed purified diets containing a mixture of fats. For the diet based on animal fat (AF-diet), 85 g/100 g of the total fat was derived from pork fat, and 40 g/100 g of this was replaced with olive oil for the vegetable oil–based diet (VO-diet). Thus, the fat content of the VO diet comprised 50% pork fat and 35% olive oil. The remaining 15% of the total fat (for both diets) was safflower oil. Both diets provided 30% of total energy (%en) from fat, <10%en SFA and 6–7%en from PUFA. Monkeys were rotated through two 7-wk feeding periods, during which time plasma lipids and lipoproteins were evaluated. Compared with the AF diet, plasma total cholesterol (TC) concentrations tended to be lower (10%) after monkeys consumed the VO diet (3.18 ± 0.83 vs. 3.52 ± 0.93 mmol/L, P = 0.099), and this was due entirely to a significant 12% reduction in HDL cholesterol (1.53 ± 0.41 vs. 1.73 ± 0.47, mmol/L, P = 0.0009). Although plasma lipoprotein compositional analyses revealed no significant differences in either lipoprotein composition or the estimated particle diameters, the measurement of cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) using ³H-cholesterol ester–labeled HDL revealed that the lower HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) when monkeys consumed the VO diet was associated with a 31% increase in transfer (P = 0.04). However, despite the changes in HDL-C, the TC/HDL-C ratio did not differ between monkeys after the two diet treatments. Regression analyses of data from these monkeys revealed a significant correlation between the dietary 16:0/18:2 ratio and plasma HDL-C. These data suggest that within the context of currently recommended prudent diets, it may be possible to manipulate HDL-C beneficially. Whether a similar effect would occur in humans warrants investigation.

KEY WORDS: • pork fat • vegetable oil • cynomolgus monkeys • low density lipoprotein • high density lipoprotein

This article has been cited by other articles:

				S. K. Cheema, A. Agarwal-Mawal, C. M. Murray, and S. Tucker Lack of stimulation of cholesteryl ester transfer protein by cholesterol in the presence of a high-fat diet J. Lipid Res., November 1, 2005; 46(11): 2356 - 2366. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]