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Biochemical and Molecular Actions of Nutrients

Octanoate Inhibits Triglyceride Synthesis in 3T3-L1 and Human Adipocytes

Obesity Research Center, Departments of Biophysics and Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: wguo{at}bu.edu.

To understand how medium-chain fatty acids (FA) influence lipid metabolism in adipocytes, we studied the effects of octanoate on the oxidation of glucose and endogenous palmitate, cellular O₂ consumption, mitochondrial membrane potential, lipid synthesis from long-chain FA, glucose and lactate. We found that octanoate significantly suppressed the esterification of oleate into triglycerides (TG) in both 3T3-L1 and human adipocytes. Octanoate also significantly suppressed de novo FA synthesis. These effects were associated with octanoate-mediated reductions in the activities of acyl CoA:1,2-diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) and acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC). Cells pretreated with octanoate had reduced mRNA levels for a number of lipid metabolism genes, including of DGAT, ACC and stearoyl CoA desaturase-1. On the other hand, octanoate did not acutely perturb cellular O₂ consumption or mitochondrial membrane potential. Together, these results suggest that octanoate affected adipocyte function by reducing TG synthesis but not by enhancing oxidation.

KEY WORDS: • medium-chain fatty acids • triglyceride synthesis • adipocytes

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