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Human Nutrition and Metabolism

High-Pressurized Orange Juice Consumption Affects Plasma Vitamin C, Antioxidative Status and Inflammatory Markers in Healthy Humans

Concepción Sánchez-Moreno^*,, M. Pilar Cano, Begoña de Ancos, Lucía Plaza, Begoña Olmedilla^**, Fernando Granado^** and Antonio Martín^*,2

^* Nutrition and Neurocognitive Laboratory, Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA; Department of Plant Foods Science and Technology, Instituto del Frío-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; and ^** Unit of Vitamins, Section of Nutrition, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: antonio.martin{at}tufts.edu.

We examined the bioavailability of vitamin C in orange juice processed using high pressure (HP) and its effects on plasma levels of vitamin C, uric acid (UA), F2-isoprostanes (8-epiPGF₂), C-reactive protein (CRP) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) in a healthy human population. Subjects (6 men, 6 women) enrolled in the study consumed 500 mL/d of HP orange juice for 14 d, corresponding to an intake of 250 mg of vitamin C. On d 1 of the study, subjects drank the juice in one dose; on d 2 until the end of the study, d 14, they drank 250 mL in the morning and 250 mL in the afternoon. Blood was collected every h for 6 h, on d 1, and then on d 7 and 14 of the study. Baseline plasma vitamin C concentration was higher (P = 0.014) in women (55.8 ± 3.8 µmol/L) than in men (42.8 ± 2.1 µmol/L). The maximum plasma vitamin C increase occurred 3 h after drinking the juice, and it remained elevated on d 7 and 14. Plasma 8-epiPGF₂ concentration did not differ between men and women at baseline. However, it was lower at the end of the study in both men (P = 0.044) and women (P = 0.034). Plasma levels of vitamin C and 8-epiPGF₂ were inversely correlated (r = -0.615, P = 0.001). Plasma CRP concentrations tended to be lower on d 14 than at baseline in men (P = 0.317) and women (P = 0.235). Plasma PGE₂ was lower at the end of the study in both men and women (P ≤ 0.037). Drinking orange juice increases plasma vitamin C, and decreases 8-epiPGF₂ and PGE₂ levels in humans, which may help reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

KEY WORDS: • high-pressurized orange juice • vitamin C • F2-isoprostanes • C-reactive protein • prostaglandin E₂

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