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Nutrient-Gene Interactions

The Human Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein I405V Polymorphism Is Associated with Plasma Cholesterol Concentration and Its Reduction by Dietary Phytosterol Esters

Ana M. Lottenberg², Valéria S. Nunes, Edna R. Nakandakare, Mônica Neves, Márcia Bernik, Laurent Lagrost^*, José E. dos Santos and Eder Quintão

Lipid Laboratory (LIM10), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo Brazil; ^* INSERM U498, Laboratoire de Biochimie Médicale, Hôpital du Bocage, Dijon, France; and University of São Paulo Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

²To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: lipideq{at}usp.br.

We examined the relationships of I405V cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), Taq1B CETP and apolipoprotein (apo)E polymorphisms with the pattern of response to dietary plant sterol ester (PSE) by plasma lipids and CETP concentrations as well as lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity. Subjects with moderate primary hypercholesterolemia (20–60 y old; 50 women; 10 men) consumed margarine (20 g/d) without (placebo) or with PSE (2.8 g/d = 1.68 g/d phytosterols) for 4 wk each period, in a crossover, double-blind study. Plasma CETP concentration was measured by ELISA; endogenous LCAT activity was expressed as the percentage of esterification (30 min incubation) of the subjects’ ¹⁴C-unesterified cholesterol HDL. PSE reduced concentrations of plasma total cholesterol (TC) (10%) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) (12%). In relation to the I405V CETP polymorphism, the percentage reductions in TC with consumption of PSE for the II, IV and VV phenotypes were 7.2, 4.2 and not significant, respectively, whereas LDL-C significant reductions occurred only for II (9.5%). However, the CETP concentration diminished only in the II phenotype.

KEY WORDS: • plasma lipoproteins • cholesteryl ester transfer protein polymorphism • plant sterol ester • apoE polymorphism.

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