![[Feedback]](/icons/banner/feedbackACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[For Subscribers]](/icons/banner/subscriberACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Archive]](/icons/banner/archiveACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Search]](/icons/banner/searchACT.gif){kind=icon}
![[Contents]](/icons/banner/tocACT.gif){kind=icon}
|
|
|
|
|
||
Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
2To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: adamdrew{at}u.washington.edu.
As incomes rise, the share of income spent on food decreases. To Engel’s law should be added the observation that the diet structure changes as well. Incomes and the macronutrient composition of the diet are linked at the aggregate and—most likely—the individual level. People in higher income nations consume more added sugars and fats than do people in lower income nations. Lower income consumers within rich nations consume lower-quality diets than do higher income consumers. The lowering of energy costs ($/MJ) through technological innovation has been most marked for foods containing added sugars and fat. Although wealthier persons in poor nations are more likely to be overweight, obesity in the United States is associated with lower incomes. Obesity in the United States and similar societies may be a socioeconomic, as opposed to a medical, problem and one that is related to diet structure and diet costs.
KEY WORDS: • incomes • diet structure • sugar • fat • energy costs • obesity
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  R. Widome, D. Neumark-Sztainer, P. J. Hannan, J. Haines, and M. Story Eating When There is Not Enough to Eat: Eating Behaviors and Perceptions of Food Among Food-Insecure Youths Am J Public Health, May 1, 2009; 99(5): 822 - 828. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 D. P. Figlewicz and S. C. Benoit Insulin, leptin, and food reward: update 2008 Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, January 1, 2009; 296(1): R9 - R19. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 E. Feinberg, P. L. Kavanagh, R. L. Young, and N. Prudent Food Insecurity and Compensatory Feeding Practices Among Urban Black Families Pediatrics, October 1, 2008; 122(4): e854 - e860. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. P. Figlewicz, J. L. Bennett, S. Aliakbari, A. Zavosh, and A. J. Sipols Insulin acts at different CNS sites to decrease acute sucrose intake and sucrose self-administration in rats Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2008; 295(2): R388 - R394. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. Goulet, B. Lamarche, and S. Lemieux A Nutritional Intervention Promoting a Mediterranean Food Pattern Does Not Affect Total Daily Dietary Cost in North American Women in Free-Living Conditions J. Nutr., January 1, 2008; 138(1): 54 - 59. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
V. Tarasuk, L. McIntyre, and J. Li Low-Income Women's Dietary Intakes Are Sensitive to the Depletion of Household Resources in One Month J. Nutr., August 1, 2007; 137(8): 1980 - 1987. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Drewnowski The Real Contribution of Added Sugars and Fats to Obesity Epidemiol. Rev., June 24, 2007; (2007) mxm011v1. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 A. Drewnowski and F. Bellisle Liquid calories, sugar, and body weight Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, March 1, 2007; 85(3): 651 - 661. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. A. Miech, S. K. Kumanyika, N. Stettler, B. G. Link, J. C. Phelan, and V. W. Chang Trends in the association of poverty with overweight among US adolescents, 1971-2004. JAMA, May 24, 2006; 295(20): 2385 - 2393. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D. Rose and J. N. Bodor Household Food Insecurity and Overweight Status in Young School Children: Results From the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Pediatrics, February 1, 2006; 117(2): 464 - 473. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Drewnowski Concept of a nutritious food: toward a nutrient density score Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, October 1, 2005; 82(4): 721 - 732. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Drewnowski and N. Darmon The economics of obesity: dietary energy density and energy cost Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, July 1, 2005; 82(1): 265S - 273S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Drewnowski and N. Darmon Food Choices and Diet Costs: an Economic Analysis J. Nutr., April 1, 2005; 135(4): 900 - 904. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. A. Mennella, M. Y. Pepino, and D. R. Reed Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Bitter Perception and Sweet Preferences Pediatrics, February 1, 2005; 115(2): e216 - e222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. Y. Pepino and J. A. Mennella Factors Contributing to Individual Differences in Sucrose Preference Chem Senses, January 1, 2005; 30(suppl_1): i319 - i320. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Drewnowski, N. Darmon, and A. Briend Replacing Fats and Sweets With Vegetables and Fruits--A Question of Cost Am J Public Health, September 1, 2004; 94(9): 1555 - 1559. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Drewnowski and S. Specter Poverty and obesity: the role of energy density and energy costs Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2004; 79(1): 6 - 16. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
M.-P. St-Onge, K. L Keller, and S. B Heymsfield Changes in childhood food consumption patterns: a cause for concern in light of increasing body weights Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, December 1, 2003; 78(6): 1068 - 1073. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
A. Drewnowski and A. S. Levine Sugar and Fat-From Genes to Culture J. Nutr., March 1, 2003; 133(3): 829S - 830. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
S. A. French Pricing Effects on Food Choices J. Nutr., March 1, 2003; 133(3): 841S - 843. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
